Question

According to a letter by a follower, this man mentally calculated the exact position of the sun on a given day while hunting on horseback. For 10 points each:
[10h] Name this man whose madrasa in Registan Square attracted scholars such as Jamshid al-Kashi. This son of Shah Rukh was inspired by a visit to Maragheh to design a Fakhri sextant.
ANSWER: Ulugh Beg [accept Mīrzā Muhammad Tarāghāy bin Shāhrukh]
[10e] Ulugh Beg designed the sextant for a building for members of this profession such as al-Kashi, who compiled zij books containing star catalogs.
ANSWER: astronomers [or astronomy; prompt on mathematicians or scientists]
[10m] Ulugh Beg's observatory and madrasa were located in this Uzbek city. In this city, Ulugh Beg's grandfather founded a namesake empire that succeeded the Chagatai Khaganate.
ANSWER: Samarkand (Ulugh Beg's grandfather was Timur.)
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