Question

An Avignon-based tradition called the "subtler art" colored these symbols red to indicate diminutions. (20[1])These symbols were altered by ficta and grouped according to mensuration signs in the Renaissance. Ottaviano Petrucci (20[1])printed these symbols with movable type. A mnemonic used (0[1])to read a kind of these symbols called neumes (20[2])("n'YOOMS") was (20[1])developed (20[1]0[1])in the (20[1])Micrologus of Guido d'Arezzo, (20[1]0[1])based on (20[1])the hymn (*) "Ut Queant Laxis." (0[1])Some British names for these symbols (10[1])are borrowed (10[1])from old Latin and French terms like minim, breve (10[2])("BREEV"), and (10[1])crotchet (10[2])("CROTCH-et"). Ledger (10[1])lines make it (10[1])easier (10[1])to read (10[2])these (10[1])symbols, (10[3]0[1])which are sometimes read (10[1])using solfège (10[1])syllables. (10[1])For 10 points, name these symbols written (10[1])on a staff that specify pitch (0[1])and duration. (10[2])■END■ (10[4]0[1])

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