Question

Straight trajectories within these devices were first demonstrated via Maltese cross-shaped shadows. Ferdinand Braun pioneered these devices by using a "cold" component to supplement thermionic emission. In these devices, two pairs of deflection coils determine position on a phosphor screen. Evacuation of these devices was improved by William (*) Crookes, who demonstrated deflection (10[1])by pressing (10[1])magnets (10[1])against them. These devices were central to the earliest oscilloscopes. J. J. Thomson used these devices (0[1])to discover the electron. Liquid crystals and OLEDs have supplanted the inclusion of these devices in electronic displays. For 10 points, name these devices found in analog television screens. ■END■ (10[1])

ANSWER: cathode ray tubes [or CRTs or vacuum tubes; accept Crookes tubes or Crookes–Hittorf tubes until "Crookes" is read; prompt on Crookes tubes or Crookes–Hittorf tubes after “Crookes” is read; prompt on evacuated tubes or discharge tubes or gas-filled tubes or Plücker tubes or CRTs]
<Science - Physics>
= Average correct buzz position